OCD: What is "obsessive-compulsive disorder" and how does it impact the life of those who suffer from it?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Often misunderstood and stigmatized, OCD can have a profound impact on the lives of those who suffer from it, interfering with their daily activities, personal relationships, and emotional well-being.

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According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by the presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both.

• Obsessions: These are recurring and intrusive thoughts, images, or impulses that generate a high level of anxiety or discomfort.
• Compulsions: These are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels the need to perform in response to an obsession or following rigid rules, with the goal of reducing anxiety or preventing a feared event.

These patterns are not simply obsessions or habits; they are overwhelming experiences that can become consume much of the time and energy of those who suffer from them.

Common manifestations

OCD manifests itself in a variety of ways, and its severity can vary significantly from person to person. Some common examples include:

• Excessive fear of contamination and compulsive cleaning.
• Need for order and extreme symmetry.
• Constant repetitions (e.g. checking doors or appliances).
• Forbidden thoughts or taboos related to violence, religion or sexuality.
• Accumulation of objects of no apparent value.

Each person may experience the disorder in a unique way, and it is not always visible to those around them.

The impact on daily life

OCD can severely affect the well-being of those who suffer from it. The amount of time spent on obsessions and compulsions can be so extensive that interferes with work, academic or family responsibilities. The disorder is also often accompanied by feelings of shame, frustration, and incomprehension, which can lead to social isolation and depression.

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Often, people with OCD recognize that their thoughts or behaviors are excessive or irrational, but still feel they cannot control them , which increases their suffering.

Treatment and management

Although OCD can be a chronic condition, there are effective treatments that allow people to regain control of their lives. Some of the main options include:

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), especially a modality called Exposure and Response Prevention (EPR) , considered one of the most effective approaches.
• Pharmacological treatment, using medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
• Complementary therapies, such as meditation, mindfulness and support in therapeutic groups.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to improving the quality of life of those affected.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is much more than an excessive concern for order or cleanliness. It is a complex and debilitating condition that deserves understanding, empathy, and professional care. Raising social awareness about OCD not only helps combat the stigma but also builds more supportive environments where those who suffer from it can find support and hope.

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• OCD
• PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
• Psychology
• Mental health